A comprehensive and detailed explanation of the application process parameters for handheld welding lasers, providing strong support to help you solve welding challenges.
04/26
2024
In recent years, handheld laser welding equipment has seen particularly rapid development in the field of laser applications. With advantages such as minimal deformation, ease of operation, high speed, and energy efficiency and environmental protection, it has gradually replaced traditional welding methods and swiftly penetrated a wide range of industry applications, including doors and windows, home appliances, and metal signage. However, common pain points still persist, such as high costs coupled with poor quality, difficult operation, and frequent alarm triggers. In response to these challenges, Raycus Laser has launched the Welding Series of water‑cooled and air‑cooled lasers in various models, quickly gaining widespread recognition thanks to their lightweight design, high efficiency, high level of integration, and excellent welding performance.
So, what are the process parameters that influence the welding results when using handheld welding? This article will analyze the results of actual experiments and list the process parameters that have the greatest impact on welding quality for customers’ reference and analysis.
01. Laser Power
Laser welding was performed on stainless steel using a laser system equipped with the RFL-C025H handheld welding-specific laser from the Raycus Welding series. While keeping all other process parameters constant, the laser output power was varied, and the resulting weld penetration and weld width were observed for each setting. The detailed data are presented in Table 1 below. It can be seen that as the power increases, both the weld penetration becomes deeper and the weld width becomes wider. This indicates that the higher the laser power, the stronger the welding capability of the handheld welding equipment. Table 1 illustrates the welding performance of lasers operating at different power levels.
02. Wire Feeding Speed
Handheld laser welding typically employs laser wire‑feeding welding, which is equipped with a wire feeder as the laser wire‑feeding device. The wire feed rate of the wire feeder also affects the welding performance of the equipment. As shown in Table 2 below, when the laser power is 1000 W, the weld head oscillation amplitude is 3 mm, and the frequency is 50 Hz, the welding results on aluminum alloy vary depending on the wire feed rate. It can be observed that, with all other parameters held constant, the faster the wire feed rate, the shallower the penetration depth and the poorer the welding performance.
03. Welding Head Amplitude and Frequency
When welding aluminum alloy using a laser system equipped with the RFL-C015H1 handheld welding-specific laser from Raycus Welding, we controlled single variables—namely, oscillation amplitude and oscillation frequency—and observed the resulting weld penetration and weld width, as shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively. It can be seen that as the oscillation amplitude increases, the width of the weld bead surface becomes significantly larger; however, when the oscillation amplitude reaches 4 or 5 mm, the oscillation speed of the welding head fails to meet the required specifications, resulting in an uneven weld bead surface. Conversely, as the oscillation frequency increases, the weld penetration decreases; but once the frequency exceeds 100 Hz, the surface morphology also becomes discontinuous.
04. Other Parameters
In addition to the process parameters listed above, which can all affect welding performance, several other external factors also have a certain impact on the results of handheld laser welding, such as the selection of assist gases during welding, the choice of copper nozzles for welding operations, and the selection of welding wire. Among these, nitrogen or argon is preferred as the assist gas, while the copper nozzle should be selected based on the specific welding method being used.
Based on the above test results, when using the Ruike Laser Welding Series of Water-Cooled Dedicated Laser Handheld Welding Equipment, the recommended welding parameters are as follows: welding power set at 10–100%, wire feed speed no more than 20 mm/s, oscillation amplitude between 2–3 mm, frequency ranging from 30 to 80 Hz, and the use of high‑purity nitrogen (purity ≥ 99.99%) or argon (purity ≥ 99.99%) as the shielding gas, with a gas flow rate of 15–20 L/min. Select the appropriate welding wire according to the material and thickness being welded.
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