Laser cutter manufacturers explain the factors that affect laser cutting quality in laser cutting machines.
12/06
2022
Laser cutting machine manufacturer Introduce the aspects that affect the laser cutting quality of laser cutting machines.
1. Laser Power
Laser cutting machines rely on the energy generated by continuous-wave laser output, and both the laser power level and mode switching can affect the quality of laser cutting. During operation, the machine is typically adjusted to a relatively high output power to accommodate thicker raw materials. At this point, the beam profile—specifically how the beam’s kinetic energy is distributed across the cross‑section—becomes even more critical. When operating at lower power levels, the focal spot can achieve a higher power density, resulting in superior laser cutting quality. Throughout the laser generator’s entire normal service life, the optimal strategy may vary. Changes in the condition of optoelectronic components, as well as subtle fluctuations in the flow rate and composition of the laser gas mixture, can all influence the beam’s spatial characteristics.
2. Focus Point Adjustment
Laser cutting machine manufacturer The positional relationship between the focal point and the workpiece surface is crucial for ensuring laser cutting quality. In most cases, the critical area being cut is either right at the workpiece surface or slightly below it. Throughout all stages of laser cutting, maintaining a stable relationship between the focal point and the workpiece is a key criterion for achieving relatively consistent laser cutting quality. When the focus is positioned optimally, the kerf is narrower, the cutting efficiency is higher, and a superior laser cutting speed can yield excellent cutting results. Under most application conditions, the laser beam’s focal point should be adjusted to just beneath the nozzle, with the nozzle-to-workpiece surface gap typically around 1.5 mm.
Laser cutter manufacturer: After the laser beam is focused, the size of the bright spot is positively correlated with the focal length of the lens. When light passes through a short‑focal‑length lens and is brought to a focus, the resulting spot is relatively small, and the power at the focal point is extremely high, which is highly beneficial for laser cutting raw materials. The main drawback is that the relative aperture is relatively short, resulting in limited adjustment range; this type of lens is best suited for rapid laser cutting of thin‑sheet materials. Long‑focal‑length lenses, with their longer focal lengths, offer a wider relative aperture and sufficient power, making them particularly suitable for laser cutting thick workpieces.
3. Laser Cutting Speed
Laser cutting machine manufacturer The laser cutting speed of raw materials is positively correlated with laser power—increasing the power can boost the laser cutting rate. Conversely, the laser cutting speed is inversely proportional to the relative density (or proportion) of the material being cut and to the wall thickness. When all other key parameters remain constant, the factors that can increase laser cutting speed include: increasing the output power (within a certain range, such as 500–2000 W); optimizing the beam mode (e.g., transitioning from higher-order modes to lower-order modes, down to TEM00); reducing the focal spot size (e.g., using a lens with a short focal length for focusing); laser cutting materials with low vaporization thresholds (such as plastics and acrylic sheets); laser cutting high‑density materials (such as white pine wood); and laser cutting thin‑walled materials.
4. Assist with air pressure
Laser Cutting Machine Manufacturers: When using laser cutting machines for raw material processing, an assist gas is essential for laser cutting—and the air pressure setting is a critical factor. The assist gas is ejected coaxially with the laser beam to protect the lens from contamination and to blow away the slag at the bottom of the laser cutting zone. For non‑metallic materials and certain metal composites, compressed air or inert gases are used to melt and vaporize the material while simultaneously suppressing excessive combustion in the laser cutting area.
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