How to Dust Control in the Plasma Cutting Industry
02/13
2020
In the plasma cutting industry, Falilei is one of the more mature players when it comes to deploying various types of dust collection systems. Catering to different customer segments and their diverse needs, Falilei offers a range of dust collection options. Its primary approaches to plasma cutting fume and dust control mainly fall into the following three categories:
1. Water Bed Treatment Method
The waterbed treatment method involves installing a water‑storage work platform beneath the cutting machine, completely submerging the workpiece in water during the cutting process. This allows cutting operations to be carried out underwater, where the fumes and dust generated by cutting are captured by the water, thereby improving the working environment in the machining area. While this method effectively purifies cutting fumes and dust, metal oxide dust tends to cake up underwater, making it difficult to remove the hardened dust.
Farilai offers three different types of waterbeds to meet the diverse needs of its customers.
First, the floating water bed: This water bed is equipped with a sealed air chamber. By pumping air into the chamber, water is expelled, causing the water surface to submerge the steel plate. When retrieving dropped parts or cutting non‑ferrous metals such as aluminum, the air in the chamber can be released, lowering the water level.
Second, the drilling and cutting water bed: This water bed features a specially designed frame module for steel plate laying, which prevents damage to cutting tools caused by traditional water bed cutting boards.
Third, the tank-style waterbed: Unlike a floating‑water bed, this type of waterbed does not contain a sealed air chamber; its water level is fixed and can only be adjusted by controlling the inflow and outflow ports. However, it is simple to manufacture, low in cost, and easy to maintain, making it suitable for customers who do not require a variable water level but have modest needs.
2. Semi‑Dry Treatment Method
The semi‑dry processing method employs a semi‑dry workbench equipped with a dust collector, among other components. The semi‑dry workbench features a small water reservoir at the bottom and a higher chopping block on the upper frame module, which together form an exhaust air duct. This dust collection method delivers excellent dust removal performance, boasts a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and enjoys a relatively high level of adoption—making it a commonly used dust removal approach for many customers. Furthermore, depending on the specific needs of different clients, it can be further subdivided into several distinct configurations.
First, the blow-and-exhaust type: One side uses a blower to deliver air, while the other side uses an air duct to extract air. This option is suitable for customers whose cutting width requirements are not particularly broad, and it is mainly characterized by low cost and a small footprint.
Second, dual-suction type: Air is drawn in simultaneously from both sides via air ducts, making it suitable for customers who require high dust removal efficiency and handle workpieces with wide cutting widths.
Third, dust removal via a dust collector: The plasma dust at the terminal enters the dust collector, where it is processed and removed. The treated gas is then discharged into the atmosphere. Dust collectors deliver excellent dust removal performance and are ideal for customers with stringent environmental protection requirements and those who prioritize convenient dust handling.
Fourth, dust removal via exhaust fans: The plasma dust at the terminal is extracted by exhaust fans and directed into a water tank, where it is absorbed by the water. This dust removal method features low manufacturing costs, low maintenance costs, and convenient maintenance.
3. Dry Processing Method
The dry processing method involves installing a dry work platform beneath the cutting machine and equipping it with a dust collection system that directly conveys the dust-laden exhaust gases generated during cutting to a purification unit for treatment. This method does not produce secondary pollution during the purification process, makes dust removal convenient, is suitable for purifying fumes and dust from various metal cutting operations, and meets both indoor and outdoor emission standards. The methods for capturing fumes and dust can be further categorized as follows.
First, the blow-and-suction method: This method is the same as the blow-and-suction method used in the semi‑dry treatment process.
Second, the double-suction method: This method is the same as the double-suction approach used in the semi-dry treatment process.
Third, the Central Damper Type: This dust and fume capture method involves installing a centrally located damper in each module on the work platform. When the plasma cutter is in operation, the dampers in that area open to facilitate effective exhaust ventilation. This method delivers excellent extraction performance at a low cost and is well suited for customers who work with smaller cutting areas.
Fourth, the double-sided damper type: The operating principle is the same as that of the central damper type—both rely on opening the dampers in the cutting area to exhaust air. However, this design features two dampers, making it suitable for customers who work with wide-format materials. Moreover, the work platform is easy to maintain and convenient for repairs.
The three plasma cutting fume and dust control methods described above are relatively mature in their application at Farley and enjoy a high degree of adoption and popularization. Compared with the dust removal solutions offered by other equipment manufacturers, they provide a wider range of options and exhibit broader applicability.
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